Newspapers / The Raleigh Times (Raleigh, … / June 18, 1896, edition 2 / Page 6
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. 9 Numerous Colleges and Schools Educate Thousands in the Arts and Sciences. THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. There is but one city in the United States that equals and none that sur pass Philadelphia as an educational cen ter. From its earliest history it has been prominent in educational work and to day is the seat of many prominent insti tutions. One of the most famous of these Is Girard College, which was founded over sixty years ago by Stephen Girard. A sailor in his early life, he first came to Philadelphia as captain of a trading ship. Later on he settled in Philadelphia and became the most successful mer chant of his day, being at the time of his death in 1831 one of the richest men In the country. By his will all his vast property, with the exception of a few personal bequests, was left to the city. The various charitable institutions of the city were remembered and he made large bequests for the improvement of the river front, for the reduction of taxes, and to Increase the efficiency of the Police system. But his most Important bequest was two million dollars to es tablish a college for the education of orphan boys. The Institution was to be open to white males between the ages of 6 and 10 years who were to be supported and educated until they reached the age of 16 years and then apprenticed to some good trade or useful employment. lie designated the site on Ridge Ave nue. There on a tract of forty-five acres on Ridge Avenue, Nineteenth Street and Girard Avenue, the city erected the college which stands to-day a monument io the philanthropy of Stephen Girard. On July 4, 1833, the corner-stone was laid, the buildings' were completed In 1847, and on January 1, 1848, the institution was opened. The grounds are surrounded by a wall ten feet high, and one of the ex plicit conditions of the bequest was that no “ecclesiastic, missionary or minister” should ever hold any office in the col- museum of archaeology and palaeon tology. Twelfth, the University Hos pital. Thirteenth, the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology. Full information about the details of instruction may be found in the annual catalogue, and in the special circulars issued from time to time. But apart from curricula there are some points about these departments worth noting here. The college department occupies Col lege Hall, the Mechanical Buildings at Thirty-fourth and Spruce, and Biologi cal Hall, at Thirty-seventh and Pine. It includes the courses in arts and science, and the special schools noted above. Under the head of the Towne Scientific School come the engineering courses: Mechanical, electrical, civil and mining, and the courses In architecture and chemistry. The new buildings for the mechanical and electrical students have just been erected, and offer as good mechanical laboratories as are found in any college. They contain also a central plant from which all the twen ty-five University buildings are to be lighted and heated. A new chemical laboratory is -now being erected, and the building will be ready in the Fall of 1893. The biological school is one of the many unique features of the University, and one of the most interesting. No other part of the college department has a greater proportion of students thoroughly interested and working hard. The school is superbly equipped, and is one of the things people from other colleges talk about. The marine bio logical laboratory, at Sea Isle City, N. J., Is an important part of It. Other college courses of special value are those in the Wharton School of Finance and Economy, and the School of American History. Each has a large library, and each stands for a new idea in American education, the cultivation of business men, and the training of in telligent American citizens. In one thing, at least, the University has been pre-eminent for over a century, viz., in medicine. The University Medi cal School, founded in 1769, was the earliest in America, and has always maintained its place. A full mention of this school, together with the depart ments of dentistry and veterinary medi cine, will be found in the chapter de voted to medical colleges. If the good start made in 1790 had been maintained the Law Department would be one of the most venerable features of the University. The attempts made then and in 1816 were not successful. But in 1849 the school was reorganized under the famous Judge George Sharswood and has since then been eminently prosperous. It has now over 200 students and a teach ing force of ten professors and lecturers. It is the only department with quarters off the college grounds, occupying the whole sixth floer of the Girard Bullding, at Broad and Chestnut Streets. All the post-graduate courses In the University with the exception of those In law and medicine are included under the Department of Philosophy, which offers twenty-one distinct fields of study in preparation for the degree of doctor of philosophy. In some of these fields, as in. American history, economics and Semitic languages, the University is exception- half of all the medical books in the United States are written or published here. Lt is scarcely strange, and yet it is noteworthy, that in Philadelphia, for the first time in the history of the world, the degree of doctor of medicine, from a chartered woman’s medical college, was conferred upon women. This happened forty-two years ago, two years after the founding. in 1850, of what was then known as the “Female Medical College,” but is now the Woman’s Medical Col lege. Its total number of graduates since that time is 690. The matriculates come from all parts of the world. The gradu ates go thither, not only to heal the sick, AN INDUSTRIAL SUPPLEMENT. The Manufacture of Shoes and Glazed Kid Leather Exten sively Carried On. MANY OTHER UNES. ^ii GIRABD COLLEGE. of the water which is reputed to have health-restoring qualities. But, as every one is not situated so that he or she can go to the springs at pleasure, the bottling and sale in the cities of mineral waters has come to be quite an Important business. It is now possible to drink at your own home any kind of mineral water you desire, or that your physician may have told you to drink. You can thus get the benefit of the medicinal properties of the water without the expense of the railroad jour ney and a hotel bill besides. There are in Philadelphia agencies for all the leading springs throughout the country, and they find a profitable busi ness in supplying the wants of house- One of Philadelphia’s Great Indus tries in Which Millions Are Invested. FRANKLIN INSTITUTE. «s, .«»«» ^ ^ UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. lege or should ever be admitted within its walls, even as a visitor. The college buildings are magnificent specimens' of architecture. The main building is of marble, in the form of a Greek temple in the Corinthian style. It is surrounded by colonnades, which com prise thirty-six massive marble columns, 6 feet in diameter and 55'feet high. The structure has a length of 218 feet and a width of 160 feet and a height of 90 feet. It has three stories, each divided into four rooms with vestibules, and is rurmounted by a roof of massive marble tiles. The remains of the founder rest Sn. the lower vestibule, beneath a marble statue. Four other buildings, also of marble and each 52 feet wide by 125 feet long-, were built at the same time, and others have since been added, until ziow the college has accommodation for more than 1300 boys. The property left by Mr. Girard has increased in value, until now it is worth more than $50,000,000. Philadelphia also, boasts of one of the most thorough universities in the world — - the University of Pennsylvania. It is the largest educational institution in the Mid dle States and the third among the uni versities of America. For 150 years it has been closely identified with the his tory of the city. It was founded as a charitable school, about 1740, but did not attract much attention until Benjamin Franklin turned his attention to it. There were other schools in the city at the time, most of them founded by Ger mans or Friends, but Franklin saw the need of a. good English academy which should offer training not only for schol ars but for business men and citizens. This idea was a very worthy one, since out of it came the first institution In America founded on a broader basis that the education of young men for the ministry. With Franklin the deed lay very near the thought. In 1749 he pub lished his plan in a pamphlet entitled “Proposals Relative to. the Education of Youth In Pennsylvania,” and a.Board of Trustees was formed at once. In 1750 he secured from the City Councils $5000, and raised other sums amounting in all to about $40,000, and in January, 1751, the academy and charitable schools of Phil adelphia were opened with appropriate ceremonies. The transition from a college to a uni versity came about In rather a peculiar' way. In 1779, under a shallow pretext that the foundation had been narrowed, the Assembly of Pennsylvania took away the charter and conferred it to gether with all of the college's prop erty upon a new institution, the Uni versity of the State of Pennsylvania. Ten years later the college charter was restored and for a time the two insti tutions existed side by side. But finally, on mutual petition, the Assembly, in 1791, granted a charter uniting the two under the present name of the University of Pennsylvania.. It should be noted, how ever, that the institution is not a State university, in the usual sense of the term, being supported almost entirely by funds contributed by private Indi viduals. Since its foundation the Uni versity has occupied three sites. As at present organized, the Univer sity comprises thirteen departments, of which six, by the way, have been awded since Dr. William Pepper became pro- ally strong. To this work women are admitted on equal terms with men under the head of the Graduate Department for ■Women. A special dormitory has been provided for them at the southeast cor ner of Thirty-fourth and Walnut Streets, and the Women’s Department has eight endowed fellowships. It is hardly necessary to say that the University grows every year more im portant to Philadelphia and the country at large. Its students have more than doubled in numbers in ten years and now muster about 2300 names. The teaching force of 257 professors, lecturers, etc., is the second largest In the country and is of recognized strength. In all the University oc cupies twenty-five buildings, many of which, such as the “Dog Hospital,” the Laboratory of Hyglene, the Wistar In stitute, the Library Building and the Ma rine Biological Laboratory, at Sea Isle City, N. J., are unique in America. The University Library, with 110,000 bound volumes, is fifth in size among university libraries and in many respects ranks easily flrst. It is hardly too much to say that Phil adelphia still falls to appreciate entirely the magnitude of the work being done in her midst by the University, the sup port of the institution by the citizens who live alinost within sight of it hav ing been comparatively slight in the past. But this has changed in recent years; the city government has been lib eral In making grants of land; large be quests from Philadelphians are more common, and in many other 1 ways the bonds between the city and its chief in tellectual center are being strengthened to the advantage of both. Although Philadelphia has always been the medical center of America, few real ize that, if it is not already so, it is rap idly becoming in many respects the peer of any city in the world in the education of physicians and in the dissemination of medical and correlated knowledge. This year there are enrolled at the various schools over 2000 students of medicine, a number probably greater than that of which any other city can boast, and if to this be added those who are pursuing studies in pharmacy, den tistry and veterinary medicine, our city is undoubtedly, as far as numbers alone, are concerned, far ahead of her rivals. But, happily, It is on more commendable ground than these alone that we are con tent and proud to rest our claims of excel lence. Each of the five medical colleges is of the highest class, thorough in its work and in the qualifications of the graduates, and one of the schools is not only the oldest, but claims to be the best on the continent. Their faculties are composed of men second to none as re gards teaching ability, and the names of many of whom are almost as well known abroad as at home. The material equip ment of each college for medical educa tion is most excellent, and. inasmuch as successful medical teaching must be clinical as well as didactic, ample oppor tunity for this is afforded in the enor mous number of patients annually treat ed in the numerous Philadelphia hos pitals and dispensaries, which offer to the student almost every known type or phase of disease or Injury. Beside the respective hospitals to which the various but to open up. the way to civilization to other women. As Philadelphia physicians are pre- eminent, so are Philadelphia dentists. There are three, dental colleges in the city, each connected with one of the holders. It would be difficult to make anything like a correct estimate of the amount of mineral water sold in this city in a year, but the quantity is much larger than most people would believe. _ v „ x! Every druggist who has a soda fountain medical colleges, viz.: the Department of 1 also handles mineral water, and every Dentistry of the University with its Medical Department; the- Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery with Jefferson; and the Philadelphia College with the Medico-Chirurglcal. This gives oppor tunity to their students for excellent instruction In anatomy, physiology and chemistry, both didactic and practical, as well as in therapeutics and pathol ogy. The clinical opportunities of these colleges are unexcelled, and there is practically not a dental procedure or operation with which the students are restaurant and hotel does the same. It is evident that the business is rapidly growing, and that it will soon be unnec essary to go to any of the mineral springs in order to get the benefit of the medicinal qualities of the water. vost. These departments ure fol- lows: first, the college department, In cluding the courses in arts, in science (the Towne Scientific School); in archi tecture: in natural history (the school of biology); in finance and economy (the Wharton School); and the course in music. Second, the medical department. Third, the department of law. Fourth, the auxiliary .department of medicine. Fifth, the department of dentistry. Sixth, the department of philosophv. Seventh, the department of veterinary medicine. Eighth, the department of physical education. Ninth, the labora tory of hygiene. Tenth, the graduate department for women. Eleventh, the colleges which are specifically connected and are thoroughly everything required by equipped with the most ad- vanced medical and surgical science of the day, students have the privilege of attending regular clinics at the Phila delphia, Pennsylvania, German, St. Jos eph’s and other hospitals, while the var ious dispensaries afford unsurpassed op portunities for the study of diagnosis and treatment. Again, it is a potent Incentive to young physicians to breathe the medico-literary atmosphere that pervades the profession in this city and to be so closely in con tact with those who not only teach but write, and who are thus known in their respective specialties the world over. It signifies hot a little that at least one- not made acquainted. Brief space remains to mention those educational institutions of the city which have a kinship with the science of medicine. Of these, the College of Pharmacy is perhaps most closely re lated- Organized in 1821, it now has a reputation unsurpassed either here or abroad. Its aim has always been high; the quality of its teaching unsurpassed. Marked features of its curriculum are the courses in chemistry, the individual Instruction in operative pharmacy and the review quizzes and practical exa minations. Since 1825 the “American Jour nal of Pharmacy” has been published under its direction, and the new six- story bullding just erected is the largest In the world solely devoted to giving in structions in pharmacy and its allied branches. Since its establishment 12,097 students have been matriculated, whom 3565 .have received the degree of Grad uate of Pharmacy. The Academy of Natural Sciences, at the corner of Nineteenth and Race Streets, is the oldest institution in Amer ica devoted to the natural sciences, and it still retains precedence by virtue of Its wealth of specimens, its collections in several important departments being the most complete in the world. This institution was Incorporated in 1817. In its wealth of educational institutions, both public a.nd private, Philadelphia Is not surpassed by any city in the land. These embrace an admirable public school system and numerous academies and higher Institutions of learning, to gether with many valuable institutions for the education of the unfortunate and the helpless. Philadelphia has invested in public school property the sum of $10,426,695. Last year over 130,000 pupils attended the public schools of the city, which now number 435. The average expense for each pupil was $23.61 per annum. Of the schools, 86 are under supervising princi pals. There are 121 primary schools, 64 secondary, 77 kindergartens, 52 combined secondary and primary schools, 37 granv- mar, 31 consolidated, 29 combined gram mar, secondary and primary, 5 combined grammar and primary, 3 cooking, 2 man ual training and one each of Boys’ High School, Girls' High School, Girls’ Nor mal School, School of Practice, Indus trial Art School, Elementary Manual Training School and School of Pedagogy. The Girls’ Normal School is now pro vided with a. structure that ranks well with any school building in the United States. It is erected upon the site of the old .Spring Garden Hall, at Thir teenth and Spring- Garden Streets. Of the 5772 pupils who have graduated from the Girls’ High School since its opening in 1848, 4878 have subsequently become Fishing Tackle. Philadelphia being located on the water and near to a number of streams where fishing is extensively engaged in, the twine, netting and fishing tackle busi ness is one of the largest in the country. The people who make a living by catch ing fish and other members of the finny tribe, as well as those who do it for pleasure and sport, must be equipped with lines, nets, etc., and the demand is very heavy. There is probably no sec tion of the country where fishing is more extensively indulged in than in the waters near Philadelphia. The twine, netting and fishing tackle manufacturers and dealers in the city supply all the fishermen throwing lines and dipping nets in the Pennsylvania and Delaware waters as well as practically all that is used in various parts of the country. The man who lays aside his business cares in the Summer for a day or more to go fishing, as well as the practical sportsman, always fully supplies himself with nets, lines and other equipments. The twine, netting and fishing tackle business in Philadelphia is as 1 near per fect as it can be. It has become en larged from year to year, until now it is one of the most substantial in the coun try. The men engaged in the business have experience, energy and persever ance, and they only handle first-class goods in a manner that cannot help but satisfy those who deal with them. The manufacture of sugar from the sugar cane and other sources is now one of the largest branches of human industry, but this great development is of comparatively recent date, and al though there are evidences of its high antiquity in India and China, sugar ap pears only to have been vaguely known to the Greeks and Romans of olden times. Its introduction to Europe ap pears to have been one of the results of the Crusades. The sugar cane was first grown in Cyprus, about the middle of twelfth century; it was from the,nee, at a later time, transplated to Madeira, and at the commencement of the sixteenth century was carried from the latter island to the West Indies, which place] is now noted for its great enterprise in 1 the cultivation of this product. The ma- | terial has now, however, become one of the commonest necessities of life, and has largely conduced to the health of the nations. Sugar, as designated by chemists, con sists of a number of neutral carbo- hydrates, possessing a more or less sweet taste, for the most part crystalliza ble, and produced by the vital processes going on in certain plartts and animals. They are ■’■”>d'^i> twe-. groups, the first emr.at ..,-, .Such sugars as are capable of undergoing fermentation, and of being resolved, under the action of yeast, either directly or indirectly into alcohol and carbonic acid gas; and the second including these sugars' which are not capable of being broken up by fer mentation into the above-named pro ducts. Cane-sugar, or sucrose, is the ordinary sugar of commerce. In tracing the various stages of de velopment of the sugar-cane, we pass through many interesting periods of cul tivation in various countries, and come to the manufacturers themselves—who now exert such a powerful influence among the industrial developments of this century. Prominent in all branches of manufac turing activity, Philadelphia is especial ly a leader in the refining of sugar, in which a very large amount of capital is invested. Employment is given directly to thousands of operatives, as well as indirectly to tens of thousands, and an output of more than one-third of the en tire consumption of refined sugar in the United States is turned out in this city. Many of the wisest and most far-see ing financiers and publicists believe that we shall first see the returning tide of prosperity make Itself felt at the great industrial centers of the land, in re- sibnse to the Increased demand which improved conditions and crop prospects in the great interior and agricultural regions of our country, West and South, are certain to bring about. Philadelphia is conceded to be the greatest manufac turing city on this continent, and fur thermore, thanks to the wise conserva tive policy and thoroughgoing integrity of its business houses, and the high character and technical skill of its work ing population, there Is no city in the country in better condition to take ad vantage of the great opportunity now before it, and hence a period of phe nomenal growth is confidently predicted. publications of the principal scientific and technical societies of the world, files of about 400 home and foreign scientific and technical serials accessible to all members in good standing, and complete sets of the British (and colonial), French, German, Austro-Hungarian, Russian, Swiss and American Patent Records, open for inspection by members at all hours, and by the public from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M. The extent and very com plete condition of Its serials make the library particularly valuable for refer ence. The library is open daily, Sundays excepted, from 9 A. M. to 10 P. M. (6 P. M. during June, July and August). Lectures.—Courses of lectures on sub jects of a scientific- and technical charac ter are given each year. These lectures number about thirty, and are arranged under the direction of a Committee on Instruction, with the assistance of the professors of the Institute. The lectures are held on Mondays and Friday even ings at 8 o’cock, beginning in November and continuing regularly -thereafter until the end of February. Members’ tickets admit to the lectures, and members have the privilege of obtaining a limited num ber of admission tickets for friends. The courses are verified each year, and, while popular and entertaining themes are not neglected, the greater number are selected with the view of presenting the latest advances in those branches of science and the arts germane to the ob jects of the institute. Of the many necessities incidental to modern living, no one thing seems to be more conducive to our physical comfort than the article of footwear, and as it is no longer the fashion to go barefooted, it follows, that with our constantly growing population, the consumption of shoe leather must be very large indeed —so great, that according to the last census, the total value of the boot and shoe production of the United States amounted to the enormous sum of $220,- 649,358 per annum. Our city has always maintained a high reputation for the character of shoes manufactured here, and the inscription “Philadelphia Made’’ has become synonymous throughout the land, with all that is honest and tasteful in shoe making. The origin of the whole sale shoe traffic of Philadelphia dates back to the early part of the century, when a firm of enterprising New Eng landers opened a warehouse for the sale of various products of the Eastern States, including shoes, and in return, forwarded to their correspondents in Boston, grain, flour, fruits and such other produce as would likely prove salable in that vicinity. From such hum ble beginning, the jobbing and manufac turing shoe business of Philadelphia had its origin, and among its representative houses from then to now, are included the honored names of men distinguished in all the qualities that make good citi zens and' successful merchants. At no time in the commercial history of the city has the shoe trade included among its members a more representative fol lowing than now, and never has the volume of goods handled been as large as for the past few years. During the year 1893, there were (in addition to the sixty-five factories employed exclusively in the manufacture of the finer grades of shoes), sixty-seven firms engaged In the wholesale boot and shoe business in Philadelphia, whose shipments for the year amounted to 200,000 cases. The high estimation in which Philadelphia is held for selling honest goods at low figures, has added very materially to her reputa tion as a shoe distributing center. Owing to the greater degree of enter prise manifested by a number of the wholesale houses, and the close atten tion paid to the detail of the business, goods are being offered to the retail merchant, which for quality will com pare favorably with the best custom work, at prices that enable the largest dealers to supply their daily wants from the warerooms of our jobbing houses in stead of waiting for the slower processes of the manufacturer. These conditions apply as well to the cheaper and more staple grades adapted to the wants of the agricultural, mining and manufactur- It has grown to large proportions be cause of the-"’’undoubted superiority of the article as made here. A demand for it is made from one end of the country to the other and manufacturers every where appreciate its real worth. All tints, all colors, all styles and qualities are found. The glazed kid business has had a flourishing existence in this city and prospects for the future are even more encouraging. The Tanning Industry. The tanning industry is very important to Philadelphia, and is conducted on a very extensive basis. There are! about a dozen tanneries in the city, and an enormous lot of hides are handled in a year’s time. While many hides are re ceived from nearby points, a greet quan tity comes from South America, Rio Janeiro, Argentine Republic and other far-away places. The bark used in tan ning is shipped here from the mountains, much of it coming from mountainous localities in the State, and is of a quality especially useful for the purposes for which it is intended. The product of the tanneries is handled through the wholesale leather houses. The leather is made into harness, belts, boots, shoes and many other things very useful in the present age. So it is that the raw cowhide, just taken from the beast’s back, comes to the city, and, after go ing through various processes, finally reaches the people in a manufactured state and made to stand the strain of usage upon a horse’s back, helping to connect the machinery in important manufacturing enterprises, protecting the feet and doing service in many other important ways. It is thus seen at a glance that the tanning business is one that occupies a very prominent place in the industrial field. Besides cowhides, there are also sheep- skin, morocco and kid tanneries doing business upon a large scale, from which is made a very fine grade of leather. Much of the leather from these tanneries is made into shoes and gloves of a superior quality. The Philadelphia tan neries, run, as they are, upon such a large scale, give employment to many workmen. Leather Belting. The making of leather belting is a distinct industry, but one which might very consistently be included in a gen eral article on the leather industry. The oak leather belting turned out by Phila delphia manufacturers is not surpassed anywhere. It is used in all the big mills, factories and shops of this city, and of recent years has taken the place of home manufactured belting in Baltimore, Pitts burg, Cincinnati and other cities. The lace leather belting, also made here, is a superior article, and is coming into extensive use in this country and abroad. In this connection, and more especially at this time of year, it would not do to overlook the making of base ball leather. It is an important feature of leather of American sporting life. Whip leather is also finished in this city by several well-known firms, and the product is all that could be desired. It is made in different thicknesses and colors, and much of it is very highly finished. The best whip leather produced in the United States comes from the factories of the City of Brotherly Love.. Pattern Making. The rapid and material progress that has been made by inventive genius throughout the United States during the past half a century has never had its counterpart elsewhere, and has stimu lated various industries to a most mar- teachers city. Within in the various schools of the Mineral Waters a few hundred miles of Phlla- delphia are to be found any number of mineral springs, and many of these are visited Summer and Winter by persons in search of health. They come from all parts of the land, and live in the hotels which are near the springs, and partake The Franklin Institute. The Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania, located in Philadelphia, was founded in the year 1824, specifically for the promotion of the mechanic arts. The scope of Its operations, however, has been greatly extended within recent years, and it may more properly be termed an association for the promotion of the arts and manufactures. The membership of the institution is com posed of manufacturers, mechanics, en gineers, professional men, and others who are interested in science and the in dustrial arts. Its roll of membership embraces about 2000 names. The means employed in the furtherance of the ob jects of the Institution are concisely stated as follows:— Library.—At the present time the li brary contains over 40,000 volumes, 25,000 pamphlets, 20,000 maps and charts and Philadelphia Cluhs. Because Philadelphia Is a city of homes with home comforts far In advance of those of other cities, it is not a com munity famous for the number of its clubs. Nevertheless there are a num ber of clubs of prominence, offering to the properly accredited stranger a warmth of hospitality not exceeded by similar institutions in any community In the land. Probably the foremost eoclal club of this city is the time-honored Philadel phia. It was originated In 1834 and Is the leading and most exclusive of the strictly social clubs in the city. Another is the Manufacturers’, occupying a hand- some and elegantly equipped new build ing erected for It on Walnut Street, just west of Broad. It is a non-partisan organization, but, nevertheless, a potent factor In national elections, most of its members favoring the high tariff as a protection to American industries. The Mercantile Club is composed entirely of Israelites. The Rittenhouse is the junior ultra-swell social club of the city, and is most pleasantly located on Walnut Street, opposite Rittenhouse Square. The Columbia, whose membership is com posed principally of residents of the northern section of the city, has an at tractive house at Broad and Oxford Streets. Some of the others are the Caledonia Club, composed of citizens cf Scottish antecedents; the Markham, of 1405 Locust Street, and the Colonial Club, of Germantown, an aristocratic and ex clusive organization. The Union League, occupying Its spac lous and completely equipped building on Broad Street, between Chestnut and Wal nut, is foremost among the socio-political clubs. The building was erected for the organization and is exclusively for club purposes, and is one of the most conven ient and best appointed club houses in the country. Others of a political char acter deserving mention are the Union Republican Club, the Young Republican Club, the Americus Clup, the Pennsyl vania Club and the Young Men’s Demo cratic Battalion. The literary element is strongly rep resented in the Penn Club and the Pen and Pencil Club. The latter’s house is on Walnut Street, below Eleventh, and is one of the most strikingly unique, in the matter of decoration, of any club house in the country. Its members are principally active workers upon the local newspapers. The artistic organizations Include the Art Club and the Sketch Club, both fine organizations and having suitable houses. The musical organizations include the Orpheus, the Manuscript, the Utopia and the Mendelssohn. The lovers of chess have a strong organization. Among the other well-known organiza tions of the city are the Turf Club, the Sparring and Fencing Club, the Country Club, an artistocratic association; the Five O'clock Club, the Rabbit Club, the United Service Club and the Lawyers' Club. Dyers and Finishers. There are several thoroughly reliable houses in the city whose business is the dyeing and finishing of fabrics, which is an art separate and distinct by it self, contrary to the beliefs of most people. Several hundred men are employed in the dyeing and finishing works of this city and a considerable amount of capi- over 1600 photographs, classified and cata- 1 tal is invested in the business. Some of logued. It is exclusively scientific and,the works do wholesale dyeing and fin- technical in character and is steadily in ‘ ' ‘ ’ ’ ishing only. They are some of the largest of their class. Others do smaller creasing in numbers and importance. It i largesc ui unvn viaco. which? n^ cmanei embraces, in addition to the standard ; jobs and may be dealt with directly. and current works on mechanics, phys ics and chemistry, pure and applied, the Their work is uniformly good, as many prominent cloth people can testify. NEW HIGH SCHOOL. WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUILDING. ing districts. The antiquated method of selling goods upon long credit, at large profits, which so long prevailed, has been superseded, to a great extent, by the modern principle of small profits, quick sales, and close collections. : The want of a closer bond of union be tween the different wholesale houses had been felt by a number of the members of the trade, and on November 7, 1890, the various suggestions finally culminated in the organization of the Philadelphia Shoe Exchange, -which includes in its membership nearly all of the houses en gaged in the wholesale shoe business, and has for its object the discussion of various matters pertaining to the trade, as well as the general welfare of the city. The result has developed a spirit of good fellowship among the members, which has proved very satisfactory to all identified with the movement. Important subjects have been discussed, and re forms inaugurated, which have resulted in mutual benefit. An interesting social feature has been the annual dinner, which has been given every year under the auspices of the exchange. Upon each of these occasions addresses have been made by distinguished guests from our own and sister cities upon import ant topics. In all matters relating to the prosperity of our goodlv city, the mem bers of the shoe trade have taken a lively interest, and when called upon to contribute to charitable or other wortbv objects, none have been found more will ing to respond to the demands upon either their time or money than the wholesale shoe merchants of Philadel phia- Leather Goods. There is not a separate and distinct class of leather goods that is not made and finished in Philadelphia. This in cludes the coarse and hard leather that is placed as a “tap” upon the rough boot or shoe, leather beltings for ma chinery (and cotton beltings, too, by the way), leather for whips, leather for base balls, leather for carriage tops, leather for rough shoes and fine kid shoes, and leather for the morocco bindings of the daintiest books printed. Every branch of the trade is represented, and repre sented well. Hundreds of skilled artisans are em ployed by the many big factories and thousands of hands are necessary to keep the supply up with the demand. Many factories have been doing a rush ing business for years, and not until very recently was there any depression in the trade. The Philadelphia brands are known in every State of the Union, and when the goods are properly branded their trade mark is a sufficient guarantee to the dealer in the most distant parts of the reliability and honesty of the goods and the high-class of the workmanship. Many of the firms manufacture ex clusively for the trade. They have good buildings, many of them large establish ments, and are thoroughly equipped v/ith new and improved machinery. Some of the houses manufacture pebble morocco and fancy colored moroccos exclusively; others add dongola and French kids to the list. One house manufactures a large amount of alum tanned glazed kid, and there are several houses whose brands of glaced kid, sheepskin and shivers are known as well in San Fran cisco as they are here. Glazed Kid. It would be almost impossible to lay too much stress on the glazed kid indus try in Philadelphia. It is not only one of the most important branches of the leather business, but in itself one of the chief industrial enterprises of the place. velous extent, especially In the line of producing machinery of every descrip tion. This business includes many dif ferent branches of abor, none of which is more important and necessary to per fect production than that of the pat tern and model maker. Among the most reliable, prosperous and popular houses engaged in this intricate and im portant line are several Philadelphia firms who enjoy a high reputation on account of their superior workmanship and honorable business methods. Glass Manufacture. The manufacture of glass is another industry of importance among the many industries of the metropolis of the South. For the manufacture of glass this city offers peculiar advantages. In the first place, it is convenient to the coal fields, and bituminous coal is an important factor in the making of glass. Then, within a short distance of the city are large and valuable deposits of sand, which is particularly adapted for the manufacture of glass of a fine qual- One of the products of these factories is window glass. Bottles and flasks are also largely manufactured, and. in fact, almost every kind of glassware. The products of Philadelphia glass factories are sold throughout the country. In ad dition to plain glass and bottles, some of the factories are engaged in the man ufacture.of stained and fancy glass. In. this line of work Philadelphia has one of the best equipped factories in the country, whose product is known far and wide. Most of the stained glass work in the church windows of this and nearby cities has been produced by Philadelphia artisans, and among these are many fine specimens of art. Manufacture of Paints. The manufactures of paints has grown to considerable proportions in Philadel phia and a number of houses are en gaged in this business. The product for a year reaches in value nearly $500,000, and the quality is such that it ranks alongside anything in the market. All grades of paints are made for all the various uses to which paint is put, and it is possible to procure in .the city any grade or kind of paint that the market affords. The skill of Philadelphia paint manu facturers is well known in the building trades, and the local, as well as .the out-of-town, consumption of these goods constantly grows. Varnish and Japan of the very best qualities is also largely made by several firms of the city, who employ skilled artisans with a thor ough understanding of their business. Philadelphia paints, oils and varnishes are known and used the world over. Sand and Gravel. The builders of this city do not have to travel abroad for building material of any description, and it is a notable fact that a person may build a house in this city of material entirely manufac tured or obtainable in this city and then furnish the house from top to bottom ( in a most complete manner and every arti cle therein will be of home production. This cannot truthfully be said of New York, Paris, London or Flamburg. Sand and gravel, 50 much used in the construction of houses to-day, is obtain able in the city and from dealers who handle nothing else. They have im mense pits of their own and bring the material in to their, city storehouses or yards by the trainload.
The Raleigh Times (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 18, 1896, edition 2
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